Medically Reviewed By Experts Panel
Blood, That’s always such a concern for everyone. And, bleeding during pregnancy can cause a lot of unnecessary chaos in the lives of expectant mothers, especially in the early days of pregnancy. It’s important to understand that not every bleeding event is concerning. But it shouldn’t be ignored as well. Understanding the condition and taking the necessary steps is crucial. In this blog, we will explore the technical aspects, probable reasons for vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, what is considered normal, and when you should seek medical advice.
Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy
Any blood discharge from the vaginal canal is known as vaginal bleeding. Bleeding in the first trimester of the pregnancy is most common, although it can happen in any stage of the pregnancy. According to a US-based statistic, nearly 20-25% of women experience vaginal bleeding during their pregnancy months. It’s important to understand that while bleeding can sometimes indicate complications, in many cases, it does not affect the outcome of the pregnancy.
What could bleeding in early pregnancy indicate?
Implantation Bleeding
When the fertilised egg attaches to the uterine lining, this causes bleeding in some cases. This is one of the earliest forms of vaginal bleeding. This usually happens before you even realise you’re pregnant, within 6-12 days of conception. This spotting is relatively harmless and is usually in a pink or brownish colour. It lasts for not more than 1 or 2 days.
Cervical Irritation
When you’re pregnant, due to hormonal changes, the blood supply to your cervix is increased as compared to normal days. Activities such as sexual intercourse or a vaginal examination can irritate the cervix which can cause light bleeding. This type of bleeding is generally harmless and is referred to as “contact bleeding.”
How much bleeding is normal in early pregnancy?
Early bleeding that does not require the expectant mother to use a pad or a tampon is generally harmless. It’s very common to spot light bleeding during the early stages of the first trimester. Light spotting that occurs in early pregnancy, such as during implantation or due to cervical sensitivity, is considered normal as long as it is infrequent and short-lived.
However, if you feel you’re bleeding is soaking through a pad, and is inviting cramps or severe pain, then it could be something a little more serious. This would require medical attention.
Is ‘1-week pregnant spotting’ real?
Most medical professionals consider 1 week pregnant as a false term. Pregnancy is calculated from the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP), even though actual conception occurs about two weeks later.
If you claim to be ‘1 week pregnant’, you are in the phase before ovulation and conception. Technically, you’re not pregnant. So, bleeding in this phase could just be a part of your normal menstrual cycle.
Main reasons for bleeding during pregnancy
Miscarriage
Miscarriage is one of the most concerning and frightening causes of heavy bleeding during early pregnancy. Miscarriages are somewhat common, occurring in 10-20% of pregnancies. Miscarriage is often accompanied by heavy bleeding, clots, cramping, and lower abdominal pain. While not all bleeding means a miscarriage is occurring, it’s essential to seek medical care if the bleeding becomes heavier or is accompanied by other symptoms.
Ectopic Pregnancy
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancies are medical emergencies and need immediate assistance. The bleeding comes with sharp pains, mainly in the abdomen region. Dizziness, and even shoulder pain. This condition is very rare, occurring in about 1-2% of pregnancies, ectopic pregnancies can be life-threatening if untreated.
Molar Pregnancy
Sometimes when the placenta develops in an unnatural way, turning into a mass of cysts, the pregnancy can be lost. This is known as molar pregnancy. This condition is also very rare and can become a cause for heavy bleeding. The bleeding may be accompanied by other symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, or rapid uterine growth.
Subchorionic Hemorrhage
Subchorionic hemorrhage or hematoma refers to a collection of blood between the uterine wall and the chorion (the outer membrane surrounding the embryo). While the smaller hematoma can be self-treated or self-resolved, larger ones could pose a serious health threat. Bleeding from a subchorionic hemorrhage can vary in severity, from light spotting to heavier bleeding.
How to stop bleeding during a pregnancy?
The first step is to immediately find medical assistance and call your doctor if ever in doubt. These are some of the measures you can impose on yourself to stay ahead of things-
- Rest is crucial for new expectant mothers.
- If bleeding is due to cervical sensitivity, refraining from intercourse may help stop further irritation.
- Hydration is key. Dehydration can be a cause of uterine contractions.
- our healthcare provider may prescribe medications, such as progesterone supplements, to stabilize your pregnancy if needed. In cases of subchorionic hemorrhage or other complications, bed rest may also be advised.
Bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy can be mostly normal. Sometimes, they can be a cautioning alarm of an impending medical issue. It’s important to always know the kind of bleeding, to be well aware of the symptoms, and not be negligent to alarming signs. It’s crucial to monitor your symptoms and consult your healthcare provider if you experience heavier bleeding, severe pain, or other concerning symptoms.
Understanding the potential causes of bleeding and knowing when to seek help can ensure the best possible outcome for you and your baby.
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